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Variety Selection

The selection of the right variety for the right situation is critcal for success. However, often seed availability can create a bottleneck for producers, espeically those looking for larger quantities. Knowing the difference between winter and spring varieties of camelina is also important, below we have listed some of the many available varieties common in the marketplace and research. There is much work being done and new varieties being released, some by public sources but many by private companies.

Winter Camelina

Winter camelina varieties have the ability to survive cold temperatures by going dormant. They do require a certain amount of chilling hours, though more research is needed. If you plant in the fall and are in the norther climates you must use a winter variety. It tends to be more commonly available in North America where the colder climate, use as a cover crop, and increased production for SAF has increased seed availablity of winter varieties.

  • Varieties: Bison, 2019, Univ. Minn., Standout winter variety for cold tolerance, Britanny, 2021, Sustainable Oils LLC, cold tolerant and high oil yield. Blackmore, 2022, Univ. Minn., Colden, 2016, Univ. Minn. and USDA ARS, Improved winter tolerance and seed yield. MT-14, 2014, Montana State Univ., Bred for extreme cold tolerance. HPX-WG4-1’ (WG4), Kansas State University and USDA ARS, bred for consistent yield and cold hardiness, part of a hybrid series. HPXWG1-35’ (WG1), Kansas State University and USDA ARS, bred in a similar way as WG4. Joelle, 2009, Breed for it high oil content and growing in a diversity of environments, has been planted as a spring type also.

  • Other Winter Varieties: Maczuga(POL), Zolta(POL), Pzybrodzka(POL), Luna(POL),

Spring Camelina

Spring camelina are varieties that do not have a need for a certain about of hours of cold, and will be killed by extreme cold temperatures in the winter.

  • Varieties: Omega, Sustainable Oils LLC, breed for high oil content and adpatability to a range of environments. Midas, 2013, Montana State University, breed for high oil content and particularly high adaptability to dryland conditions. Joelle, 2009, Breed for it high oil content and growing in a diversity of environments, shoes up as a winter type in some research too. Ligena, 1990's, release from Germany, an older traditional variety. Calena, 1990's release from Germany, an older traditional variety. Celine, Innovafeed, high adpatablity for different climates and oil production.

  • Other Spring Varieties: Robinson(USA), Blaine Creek(USA), Gold of Pleasure(?), Lindo(?), CS005(CAN), CS006(CAN), Urkrajinskij(RUS), Soledo(?), Morgesonne(AUS), Zaraja Socialisma(RUS), Vinimik 17(?), Suneson(USA), CO54-97(USA), CO56(USA), Boa(USA), Pronghorn(USA), Columbia(?), Cheyenne(USA), Shoshone(USA), Borowska(POL), Grodziska(POL), Sortandinskij(POL), Omskij Mestnyj(RUS), Sortandinkij(RUS), Zavolzkij(RUS), Kirgizskij(KGZ)

Breeding

There is much breeding work to be done on camelina, and there are many working on it both public and private. There are several common goals of breeding projects such as increased seed size, increased oil, oil quality, and shorter days to maturity. Some of the public breeding is geared towards better winter adaptability for cover crops mixes and adaptability to various climates. While private breeding projects tend to focus on oil productivity, oil content, shorter seasons, and larger seeds. There have been contradictory evidence that with an increase of seed size the quality of oil decreases. The ability to improve camelina as a crop is large with both modern breeding techniques and CRISPR Cas methodologies being employeed.

Camelina has been shown not to cross with other varieties of brassicas. However, it does cross with the wild types C. alyssum and C microcarpa, which could prove useful in the for the general enhancement of genetics for breeding in Camelina. [Berti, 2016] (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.09.034) Camelina is autogamous, with little outcrossing making pure line selection the breeding used for variety selection.